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Interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer in activated sludge: quantification and effects of system pH value

Yun Zhou, Siqing Xia, Binh T. Nguyen, Min Long, Jiao Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2017, Volume 11, Issue 1, doi: 10.1007/s11783-017-0898-6

Abstract: The biopolymer showed two protein-like fluorescence peaks (peaks A and B). Interactions of Pb(II) and biopolymer were quantified at various system pH values. System pH values significantly affect the quenching constant values for both peaks. Peak B plays a more important role in the interactions than peak A. Removal mechanism of metal ions by activated sludge system was further disclosed. The quantification and effects of system pH value on the interactions between Pb(II) and the biopolymer from activated sludge were investigated. The biopolymer had two protein-like fluorescence peaks (Ex/Em= 280 nm/326–338 nm for peak A; Ex/Em= 220–230 nm/324–338 nm for peak B). The fluorescence intensities of peak B were higher than those of peak A. The fluorophores of both peaks could be largely quenched by Pb(II), and the quencher dose for peak B was about half of that for peak A. The modified Stern-Volmer equation well depicted the fluorescence quenching titration. The quenching constant (Ka) values for both peaks decreased with rising system pH value, and then sharply decreased under alkaline conditions. It could be attributed to that the alkaline conditions caused the reduction of available Pb(II) due to the occurrence of Pb(OH)2 sediments. The Ka values of peak B were bigger than those for peak A at the same system pH values. Accordingly, the aromatic protein (peak B) plays the key role in the interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer.

Keywords： Metal ions     Biopolymer     Activated sludge     Three-dimensional excitation emission matrix (3D-EEM)     Fluorescence    

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Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy for characterization of organic matter in

Jinlan Yu, Kang Xiao, Wenchao Xue, Yue-xiao Shen, Jihua Tan, Shuai Liang, Yanfen Wang, Xia Huang

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 2, doi: 10.1007/s11783-019-1210-8

Abstract: • Principles and methods for fluorescence EEM are systematically outlined. • Fluorophore peak/region/component and energy information can be extracted from EEM. • EEM can fingerprint the physical/chemical/biological properties of DOM in MBRs. • EEM is useful for tracking pollutant transformation and membraneThree-dimensional excitation-emission matrix (3D-EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy, a powerful tool forapplying EEM to characterize DOM in MBR studies.

Keywords： excitation-emission matrix (EEM)     dissolved organic matter (DOM)     membrane bioreactor (MBR)     fluorescence    

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Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 935-947 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0964-z

Abstract: Extrudability is one of the most critical factors when designing three-dimensional printable foam concreteAlthough many studies have been conducted on traditional foam concrete in this context, studies on three-dimensionalgap, the effects of surfactant characteristics on the stability, extrudability, and buildability of three-dimensionalqualities, such as viscosity and surface tension, to understand the importance of key parameters in three-dimensionalviscosity exceeding 5 mPa·s and surface tension lower than 31 mN/m was recommended to yield stable three-dimensional

Keywords： foam concrete     3D printable concrete     stability     rheology     air void microstructure    

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Fabrication of Si-based three-dimensional microbatteries: A review

Chuang YUE, Jing LI, Liwei LIN

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 459-476 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0462-x

Abstract:

High-performance, Si-based three-dimensional (3D) microbattery systems for powering micro/nano-electromechanicaluse of support substrates, electrodes or current collectors, electrolytes, and even batteries used in 3DIn this review, Si-based 3D microbatteries and related fabrication technologies, especially the production

Keywords： three-dimensional (3D)     wafer-scale     Si-based anode     micro-LIBs     thin-film deposition    

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Three-dimensional composite Li metal anode by simple mechanical modification for high-energy batteries

Frontiers in Energy 2023, Volume 17, Issue 5,   Pages 569-584 doi: 10.1007/s11708-023-0875-7

Abstract: It is well accepted that the construction of three-dimensional (3D) composite Li metal anode could tackleHowever, most strategies to build 3D composite Li metal anode require either electrodeposition or melt-infusionUnder this condition, a novel method to construct 3D composite anode via simple mechanical modificationmini review, a systematic and in-depth investigation of this mechanical deformation technique to build 3DFinally, a general summary and perspective on construction strategies for next-generation 3D composite

Keywords： lithium (Li)-ion battery (LIB)     Li metal battery     three-dimensional (3D) composite Li metal anode     mechanical    

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liquid bridge forces on rheological properties, and resulting extrudability and constructability of three-dimensional

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 1295-1309 doi: 10.1007/s11709-023-0999-1

Abstract: and constructability are two important, yet contradictory issues pertaining to the construction of three-dimensional(3D) printing concrete.Extrudability is easily achieved when 3D printing cement mortar has a high water content and low cohesionHowever, a 3D printing cement mortar with a low water content and high cohesion has a relatively stableThis study proposes a particle-based method to simulate 3D printing mortar extrusion and construction

Keywords： particle-based simulation     liquid bridge force     rheological property     3D printing mortar     extrudability    

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Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

Yuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun Wu

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 30-45 doi: 10.1007/s11684-014-0337-z

Abstract:

Three-dimensional (3D) image reconstruction technologies can reveal previously hidden microstructuresComputer technologies can produce 3D representations of interesting human tissue and organs that havebeen serial-sectioned, dyed or stained, imaged, and segmented for 3D visualization. 3D reconstructionalso has great potential in the fields of tissue engineering and 3D printing.This article outlines the most common methods for 3D tissue section reconstruction.

Keywords： microtomy     3D imaging     computer-assisted image processing     3D printing     tissue scaffold    

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Non linear modeling of three-dimensional reinforced and fiber concrete structures

Fatiha IGUETOULENE, Youcef BOUAFIA, Mohand Said KACHI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2018, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 439-453 doi: 10.1007/s11709-017-0433-7

Abstract: formulation of the element has been established for modeling the nonlinear behavior of elastic structures in threeForming the stiffness matrix of the section, the integral of the surface is calculated as the sum of

Keywords： numerical modeling     column and beam     nonlinear analysis     fibers     pious     reinforcement     3D formulation     response    

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Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations

Zhonghua Sun

Frontiers of Medicine 2011, Volume 5, Issue 3,   Pages 254-270 doi: 10.1007/s11684-011-0153-7

Abstract: The imaging diagnosis of cardiovascular disease is based on a combination of two-dimensional (2D) andthree-dimensional (3D) visualization tools to enhance the diagnostic value.The aim of the present article is to present an overview of the diagnostic performance of various 2Dand 3D CT visualizations in cardiovascular disease, including multiplanar reformation, maximum intensity

Keywords： cardiovascular disease     multislice computed tomography     three-dimensional reconstruction     diagnosis     visualization    

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Numerical analysis of 3-D unsteady flow in a vaneless counter-rotating turbine

ZHAO Qingjun, WANG Huishe, ZHAO Xiaolu, XU Jianzhong

Frontiers in Energy 2007, Volume 1, Issue 3,   Pages 352-358 doi: 10.1007/s11708-007-0053-3

Abstract: To reveal the unsteady flow characteristics of a vaneless counter-rotating turbine (VCRT), a three-dimensional

Keywords： unsteady flow     three-dimensional     pressure distribution     similar result     unsteady simulation    

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Three-dimensional numerical modeling of single geocell-reinforced sand

Xiaoming YANG, Jie HAN, Robert L. PARSONS, Dov LESHCHINSKY,

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2010, Volume 4, Issue 2,   Pages 233-240 doi: 10.1007/s11709-010-0020-7

Abstract: This paper summarizes the development of a three-dimensional numerical model for analyzing single geocell-reinforced

Keywords： geosynthetic reinforcement     geocell     numerical model     FLAC3D    

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Single-chip 3D electric field microsensor

Biyun LING, Yu WANG, Chunrong PENG, Bing LI, Zhaozhi CHU, Bin LI, Shanhong XIA

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2017, Volume 12, Issue 4,   Pages 581-590 doi: 10.1007/s11465-017-0454-x

Abstract:

This paper presents a single-chip 3D electric field microsensor, in which a sensing element is setm, the linearity errors of the microsensor are within 5.5%, and the total measurement errors of the three

Keywords： electric field microsensor     three-dimensional     single-chip     in-plane rotation    

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Three-dimensional face point cloud hole-filling algorithm based on binocular stereo matching and a B-spline Research Articles

Yuan HUANG, Feipeng DA,whhbb@163.com

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2022, Volume 23, Issue 3,   Pages 398-408 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.2000508

Abstract: When obtaining three-dimensional (3D) face point cloud data based on structured light, factors related

Keywords： Three-dimensional (3D) point cloud     Hole filling     Stereo matching     B-spline    

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Inner strain determination of three-dimensional braided preforms with co-braided optical fiber sensors

LI Xianghua, LIU Xiaohui, YUAN Shenfang

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2008, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 416-420 doi: 10.1007/s11465-008-0062-x

Abstract: The experimental characterization of three-dimensional (3-D) braided composites is extremely importantThis paper discusses two techniques to incorporate different OFSs into 3-D braided composite preforms

Keywords： different     experimental characterization     three-dimensional     composite     micro-bend    

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Numerical simulation of three-dimensional turbulent flow in multistage axial compressor blade row

JIANG Jian, LIU Bo, WANG Yangang, NAN Xiangyi

Frontiers in Energy 2008, Volume 2, Issue 3,   Pages 320-325 doi: 10.1007/s11708-008-0041-2

Abstract: Numerical simulation of three-dimensional turbulent flow in a multistage axial compressor blade row is

Keywords： simulation     compressor     multistage     third-order     three-dimensional turbulent    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

Interactions between metal ions and the biopolymer in activated sludge: quantification and effects of system pH value

Yun Zhou, Siqing Xia, Binh T. Nguyen, Min Long, Jiao Zhang, Zhiqiang Zhang

Journal Article

Excitation-emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy for characterization of organic matter in

Jinlan Yu, Kang Xiao, Wenchao Xue, Yue-xiao Shen, Jihua Tan, Shuai Liang, Yanfen Wang, Xia Huang

Journal Article

Stability of three-dimensional printable foam concrete as function of surfactant characteristics

Journal Article

Fabrication of Si-based three-dimensional microbatteries: A review

Chuang YUE, Jing LI, Liwei LIN

Journal Article

Three-dimensional composite Li metal anode by simple mechanical modification for high-energy batteries

Journal Article

liquid bridge forces on rheological properties, and resulting extrudability and constructability of three-dimensional

Journal Article

Three-dimensional reconstruction of light microscopy image sections: present and future

Yuzhen Wang,Rui Xu,Gaoxing Luo,Jun Wu

Journal Article

Non linear modeling of three-dimensional reinforced and fiber concrete structures

Fatiha IGUETOULENE, Youcef BOUAFIA, Mohand Said KACHI

Journal Article

Multislice computed tomography angiography in the diagnosis of cardiovascular disease: 3D visualizations

Zhonghua Sun

Journal Article

Numerical analysis of 3-D unsteady flow in a vaneless counter-rotating turbine

ZHAO Qingjun, WANG Huishe, ZHAO Xiaolu, XU Jianzhong

Journal Article

Three-dimensional numerical modeling of single geocell-reinforced sand

Xiaoming YANG, Jie HAN, Robert L. PARSONS, Dov LESHCHINSKY,

Journal Article

Single-chip 3D electric field microsensor

Biyun LING, Yu WANG, Chunrong PENG, Bing LI, Zhaozhi CHU, Bin LI, Shanhong XIA

Journal Article

Three-dimensional face point cloud hole-filling algorithm based on binocular stereo matching and a B-spline

Yuan HUANG, Feipeng DA,whhbb@163.com

Journal Article

Inner strain determination of three-dimensional braided preforms with co-braided optical fiber sensors

LI Xianghua, LIU Xiaohui, YUAN Shenfang

Journal Article

Numerical simulation of three-dimensional turbulent flow in multistage axial compressor blade row

JIANG Jian, LIU Bo, WANG Yangang, NAN Xiangyi

Journal Article